Thursday, August 27, 2009

Provisions of 1773 Act
  • Court of Directors hitherto elected every year would be elected for 4 years
  • Total number of Directors 24,one fourth retiring every year
  • A Governor General in Bengal with four members to assist him and the quorum was 3
  • The member of Governor Generals EC to hold office for 5 years
  • The Governor General will have authority over Madras and Bombay
  • Supreme court was created
  • The court was given both original and appellate jurisdiction

Provisions of 1784 Act
  • A Board of Control with 6 members
  • Court of Directors retained real executive power and patronage and Board of control no power of patronage
  • The members of Governor Generals EC was reduced to 3
  • Only Covenanted servants will be appointed as members of the Council of Governor General
  • The Presidencies of Bombay and Madras were subordinated to the Governor General
  • Prohibition of aggressive wars and treaties with Indian princes
Provisions of 1813 Act
  • Company was deprived of monopoly of trade except trade with China and trade in tea
  • Rs 1 lakh for education in India
Provisions of 1833 Act
  • Centralized government in India and the Governor General of Bengal was made the Governor General of India
  • Bombay and Madras completely subordinated to the Governor General
  • A new member, a Law member in the Governor General's EC
  • Company lost its monopoly of tea trade and trade with China
  • "No Indian or natural born subject of the Crown resident in India by reason of birth,colour,descent, be disqualified for any employment under the company
  • Government of India to take serious measures to ameliorate the condition of slaves
Provisions of 1853 Act
  • The law member was made a full member
  • The number of Court of Directors reduced to 18, 6 nominated by the Crown and the quorum was fixed at 10
  • The power of patronage of the Directors was curbed
  • Services thrown to open competition
Provisions of 1858 Act
  • A Secretary of State for India and he will be assisted by 15 members of which 8 to be nominated by the Crown whereas 7 to be nominated by the Court of Directors
  • Half of the members must have worked in India for at least 10 years
  • Governor General was made Viceroy
  • Appointment to the Covenanted servants to be made by open competitive examination
Provisions of 1861 Act
  • Introduction of Portfolio system
  • A fifth member added to Viceroy's EC and he has to be a gentleman of legal profession
  • For legislative purpose Viceroy's EC was expanded by the addition of not less than 6 and not more than 12 members half of which must be non officials
  • Their tenure for 6 months
  • Power of Bombay and Madras Presidencies restored
Provisions of 1892 Act
  • Two fifth of the members of the council to be non officials
  • Principle of election introduced
  • Members could ask questions and general discussion on budget was allowed
Some points to remember
  • PSC introduced by the act of 1919
  • The preamble of the Act of 1919 was based on the August declaration of 1917
  • The income qualification of Hindu candidates was much more than that of Muslim candidates by the Act of 1909
  • Introduction of election by the Act of 1909
  • The details of electoral qualification and seat allocation was left to local authorities by the act of 1909
  • The Act of 1919 was the most short lived act
  • An Indian was appointed to the Viceroy's EC for the first time by the Act of 1909
  • By the Act of 1909 Executive Councils were created for Bengal,Bihar,Orissa and UP
  • By the Act of 1935, Council of States to have 250 members and Federal Assembly 375 members wherein Princely states to send 104 and 125 nominated candidates respectively
  • Provincial autonomy was granted by the Act of 1935.
  • A Federation by the Act of 1935 could not be formed unless states sent not less than 104 members to the Council of the States
IAS OUR DREAM COMPLETED SEVEN YEARs ON AUGUST 13,2016

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